橋梁伸縮縫:指的是為滿足橋面變形的要求,通常在兩梁端之間、梁端與橋臺(tái)之間或橋梁的鉸接位置上設(shè)置伸縮縫。要求伸縮縫在平行、垂直于橋梁軸線的兩個(gè)方向,均能自由伸縮,牢固可靠,車輛行駛過時(shí)應(yīng)平順、無突跳與噪聲;要能防止雨水和垃圾泥土滲入阻塞;安裝、檢查、養(yǎng)護(hù)、消除污物都要簡易方便。 在設(shè)置伸縮縫處,欄桿與橋面鋪裝都要斷開。
Bridge expansion joints: in order to meet the requirements of bridge deformation, the expansion joint is usually arranged between the two beam ends, between the Liang Duan and the abutment or the hinge position of the bridge. Requirements of expansion joints in two directions parallel and perpendicular to the axis of the bridge, can free expansion, firm and reliable, the vehicle had to be smooth, no sudden jump and noise to prevent rainwater and waste soil infiltration obstruction installation, inspection, maintenance, eliminate dirt to be simple. In setting expansion joints, railings and bridge pavement should be disconnected.
橋梁伸縮縫的作用:在于調(diào)節(jié)由車輛荷載和橋梁建筑材料所引起的上部結(jié)構(gòu)之間的位移和聯(lián)結(jié)。斜交橋的伸縮裝置一旦被破壞,將嚴(yán)重影響行車的速度、舒適性與安全,甚至造成行車安全事故。
The role of a bridge expansion joint is to adjust the displacement and connection between the superstructure of the vehicle caused by the load of the vehicle and the building material of the bridge. Once the expansion device of the skew bridge is damaged, it will seriously affect the speed, comfort and safety of the train, and even cause traffic safety accidents.
伸縮縫按照性能及安裝方法可以分為:GQF-C型、GQF-Z型、GQF-L型、GQF-F型。
Expansion joints can be classified into GQF-C type, GQF-Z type, GQF-L type and GQF-F type according to their performance and installation methods.
其中GQF-MZL型數(shù)模式橋梁伸縮縫裝置,是采用熱軋整體成型的異型鋼材設(shè)計(jì)的橋梁伸縮縫裝置。GQF-C型、GQF-Z型、GQF-L型、GQF-F型伸縮縫裝置適用于伸縮量80mm以下的的橋梁接縫,GQF-MZL型伸縮縫裝置是由邊梁、中梁、橫梁和連動(dòng)機(jī)構(gòu)組成的模數(shù)式橋梁伸縮縫裝置,適用于伸縮量80mm-1200mm的大中跨度橋梁。
Among them, the GQF-MZL number model bridge expansion joint device is a bridge expansion joint device designed by using the hot-rolled profiled steel. GQF-C type, GQF-Z type, GQF-L type, GQF-F type jointless bridge joint device is suitable for the expansion of the following 80mm, GQF-MZL type expansion joint device is composed of modular bridge expansion edge beam, beam, beam and linkage mechanism joint device, suitable for large and medium span bridge expansion 80mm-1200mm.
GQF—MZL型伸縮裝置的突出特點(diǎn)是將伸縮裝置的承重結(jié)構(gòu)和位移控制系統(tǒng)分開,二者受力時(shí)互不干擾,分工明確,這樣既保證受力時(shí)安全,又保證了受力時(shí)位移均勻。
The characteristic of the GQF - MZL type expansion device is separated from the expansion device of bearing structure and displacement control system, the two forces do not interfere with each other, a clear division of labor, so as to ensure the safety of the force, but also ensure the uniform stress displacement.
5、伸縮裝置伸縮量的確定
5, telescopic device to determine the amount of expansion
橋梁伸縮量計(jì)算值直接影響對(duì)伸縮裝置規(guī)格選擇,若伸縮裝置規(guī)格選擇不合理,就直接影響伸縮裝置的使用效果,同時(shí)選擇伸縮裝置時(shí)還應(yīng)考慮梁、板間伸縮裝置間隙量大小,以保證伸縮裝置與梁、板兩端有充分錨固,才能達(dá)到使用效果。所以在選擇伸縮裝置的規(guī)格時(shí),一定要留足夠余量,才能保證伸縮裝置的使用效果和耐久性。
The value of direct influence on the choice of expansion device specification calculation of bridge expansion volume, if the expansion device specification selection is not reasonable, it directly affects the use effect of expansion device at the same time, expansion device should be taken into consideration when the beam and plate expansion device gap size, to ensure the expansion device has sufficient anchorage and beam, both ends of the board, in order to achieve the best use effect. Therefore, in the selection of telescopic device specifications, we must leave enough margin, in order to ensure the use of telescopic devices and durability.
(5)當(dāng)橋梁位于坡道上,固定支座一般應(yīng)設(shè)在下坡方向的橋臺(tái)上;
5 when the bridge is on the ramp, the fixed support shall be located on the abutment in the downhill direction
(6)當(dāng)橋梁位于平坡上,固定支座宜設(shè)在主要行車方向的前端橋臺(tái)上;
6 when the bridge is located on the plain slope, the fixed support shall be located on the front abutment of the main driving direction
(7)固定支座宜設(shè)置在具有較大支座反力的地方;
7 the fixed support shall be located at the place where the counterforce of the larger bearing is located
(8)在同一橋墩上的幾個(gè)支座應(yīng)具有相近的轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)剛度;
8 several supports on the same pier should have similar rotational rigidity
(9)連續(xù)梁可能發(fā)生支座沉陷時(shí),應(yīng)考慮制作高度調(diào)整的可能性。
9 the possibility of height adjustment shall be take